The origin Dance Bedhaya Ketawang
Originally Bedhaya Ketawang just dance performed by seven women only. In a further development, dance is considered a special dance and dance is believed to be a very sacred and then modeled by nine people. Unlike other dances, Bedhaya Ketawang special was originally exhibited by the courtiers Bedhaya Kraton Surakarta Sultanate. Rhythm was heard over entire (smooth) compared with other dance such Srimpi, and in the presentation without keplok-alok (applause and words).It said Bedhaya dance because dance is coping with gendingnya, such Bedhaya Gending Ketawang Ageng (work Penembahan Senapati), Bedhaya gending Tejanata and Sinom (PB works IX), Bedhaya pickaxe (PB works VIII), Miyanggong (PB works IV), Duradasih (work PB V), and others. Who is the real creator of the dance itself Bedhaya Ketawang until now is still confusing. There's even a mention that the dance was intentionally created directly by the Queen of South Kanjeng specifically for Javanese kings.
Bedoyo Ketawang eg according Sinuhun Pakubowono X represents a symbol of his love for the Queen of South Kanjeng Panembahan Senopati. This is all illustrated in the movement of the hands, feet, and all parts of the bodies of the dancers. But everything is so delicate that it depicted quite difficult for a layperson to understand. Any movement in this dance symbolizes symbolizes lust persuasion and flattery. Despite the inevitable Sinuhun, Kanjeng Queen of South remains Sinuhun begged to go with him to settle on the ocean floor and bersinggasana in Sakadhomas Bale Kencana (Throne deposited by King Rama Wijaya at the bottom of the ocean). Sinuhun not want to obey the will of the Queen, because they want to achieve "sangkan hunger", but he still wants to marry Kanjeng Queen of South, hereditary. Then came Agreement / Sacred Oath between Kanjeng Queen of South and King First of Java, which can not be infringed by the Javanese kings or hereditary kings successor. So anyone king who reigns over Java will automatically be married Kanjeng Queen of South. Instead even the Queen of South Kanjeng requested to come to the mainland to teach dance in Bedhaya Ketawang Sinuhun favorite dancers. One source said that the dance was created by Penembahan Sanapati-first king of Mataram while meditating on the South Coast. The story, in semadinya Penembahan Senapati met Kanjeng Kencanasari Queen (Queen of South) was dancing. Furthermore, the ruling South Sea Mataram rulers teach this.
Another source said that the dance was created by Bedhaya Ketawang Sultan Agung Anyakrakusuma (grandson Panembahan Senapati). According to the Wedhapradangga is considered the creator of this dance is the Sultan Agung (1613-1645), the greatest king of the kingdom of Mataram with Kanjeng Kencanasari Queen, ruler of the South Sea. The story, when Sultan Agung was meditating, suddenly heard the strains of a gending. Then Sultan Agung berinisatif created dance movements that are tailored to the strains gending ever heard in nature semadinya it. Finally, the dance movements that can be produced perfectly and then called Bedhaya Ketawang dance.
Mythology and regulations in Bedhaya Dance Ketawang
Dance is a dance bedhaya Ketawang very sacred, and only performed at certain times only. Bedhaya Ketawang there are two types, namely bedhaya Ketawang alit performed every year at the event and its duration tingalan Jumenengan Dalem just 1.5 hours. One more is bedhaya Ketawang ageng performed every 8 years or eight years once. Dance bedhaya Ketawang can ageng lasted about 5.5 hours and lasts until 1:00 am. People who watched too are certain people who have been chosen. During watching the dance, the audience should be in a state of solemn, meditation, and silent. So the audience was not allowed to speak or eat, and just be quiet and watch the movement for movement of the dancer.
At first in Surakarta Sultanate, the dance is only performed by seven women only. However, because dance is a special dance that is considered to be sacred, the number of dancers later increased to nine people. Nine dancers consisted of eight daughters still have blood relations and kinship of the palace and a dancer believed magical figure of Nyai Roro Kidul. That said, every time bedhaya Ketawang danced, Nyai Roro Kidul always present, to dance. But not everyone can see it, just for those who are sensitive to only the queen appeared. Not surprisingly, then turn up strict rules for all the people involved in this dance both in the training and performance time. This is because they will be in direct contact with Nyi Roro Kidul believed to be the creator of the dance. In fact, according to believers, Queen of South Kanjeng himself will come down when there is a movement to correct the wrong dance. There also believe in dance Bedaya Ketawang, Nyai Queen of South multiplies into namawatrika nine (mother goddess of the universe). (Contrary to belief, it depends on each one of us ...)
Well .... before performed this dance there are some behaviors or rules which are also called ceremonial rite that must be met by the palace and the dancers. The thing to do is as follows:
Ø For the palace shall perform prayer rituals or ceremonies or rites Larungan (sacrificial offerings) in the form of offerings in 4 point tip / point of the compass around the palace. Here the court described as the center of the world and the fourth Cosmic corners symbolize the point of the universe, geographical and mythological four points are:
1. In the northern part of Mount Merapi are the ruling queen Kanjeng Sekar,
2. In the South Region are Segoro the South or the South Sea with the authorities Nyi Rara Kidul
3. Western part of Tawang Sari heaven there ndlpih with Sang Hyang Pramori ruler (Durga in the woods Krendowahono),
4. East section are Tawang Mangu with Argodalem Tirtomoyo as ruler and the Kyai Sunan Lawu Lawu as ruler.
Ø In addition princesses danced Virgin still required (not married), not in a state of a certain period and fasting prior to the dance. There are sources that say that especially for the king's sons may have married but have to put a certain offerings (caos Dhahar), as well as for dancers who are menstruating should go dancing after installing Kanjeng offerings to the Queen of South.
On the evening of the 9th anggara love the dancers, including housekeeper who believed entered the South rara Sitihinggil with directions circumambulation around the sultan / king, they were a symbol of the horizon and make a formation nawagraha, astrology kartika: 2 + 5 + 2. Top gamelan rhythms of the dancers symbolize the cosmic preexisting circulatory system of regular tertip: then how governance tertip became chaotic and then restored again. Songs are sung symbolizes the Re-integration of world order in the original grammar and length transendia dance sometimes played about 5.5 hours until 01:00 hours of the night (on bedhaya Ketawang ageng).
Pattern bedhaya Ketawang related to astronomy, to follow the pattern of constellations (constellations) are known and adhered to the Java community for daily use (to determine seasons, farming, and so on). Some patterns of constellations used are huts penceng and plow.
Clothing in dance bedhaya Ketawang using Java dhodhot ageng bride called basahan. Using a coil bowl mengkurep larger than Yogyakarta style. Presentation of the dance begins with the opening (15 minutes), the core (60 minutes), and closing (15 minutes). The first part of the opening, told when Kanjeng Queen of the South out of the palace and meet Panembahan Senopati, who asked him to help the chaotic kingdom. He wants to help the condition Senopati should be her husband. Both the core, love scenes tell Penembahan Senopati and Queen of South, who had ignored the country although ultimately reminded Ki Savior Martani (royal adviser) to get back to the Mataram. Third part of the cover, tells the weeping longing and expression of love Kanjeng Queen of South, who vowed not to seek another man, except the king of Mataram. He also promised to serve and became the wife of King Mataram to hereditary, until now.
Bedhaya Ketawang not use a full gamelan accompaniment. Instruments used only kethuk, kenong, drums ageng, ketipung, and kemanak. Gerongan Ketawang ageng a central piece in the accompaniment. Gerongan presented by the choir (sung by more than one sindhen and sung together). There is a unique instrument that gets special attention, namely kemanak. Kemanak yan instrument is shaped like a banana, but hollow the center (think hole in kenthongan), numbered pair. Played by alternately beaten. Atmosphere caused by a combination of kemanak and memorable gerongan tintrim, wingit, and haunted. Although the instrument accompaniment Ketawang bedhaya simple, but not easy to play.
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