Angklung oldest still existing in history called the Angklung gubrag made in Jasinga, Bogor, Indonesia, and have reached age 400 years. Today, some of angklung is stored in Sri Baduga Museum, Bandung, Indonesia.
Over time, Angklung is not only known throughout the country, but also spread to various countries in Asia. At the end of the 20th century, creating Soetigna Daeng Angklung based on diatonic scale sound. After that, angklung has been used in the entertainment business since the instrument can be played combined with a variety of other musical instruments. In 1966, Udjo Ngalagena, a student of Mr. Angklung Daeng Soetigna developed based on the scale of Sundanese musical instrument sound, that is salendro, slendro, and madenda.
Various kinds of Angklung
1. Angklung Kanekes
Angklung Kanekes area (we often call them Bedouins) are used primarily because of its association with the rice ceremony, not solely for the entertainment of people. Angklung is used or pronounced as they grow rice in huma (fields). Angklung Kanekes sounded when people grow rice, there is only tolled free (dikurulungkeun), especially in Kajeroan (Tangtu, Bedouin Jero), and there is a certain rhythm, which in Kaluaran (Outer Baduy). However, angklung still be displayed outside the rite of rice and retains the rules, for example, can only be beaten until the ngubaran pare (treating paddy), about three months from the time planted rice. Thereafter, for the next six months all the arts should not be played, and should not be played again on the next rice planting season. Closes angklung implemented with event called musungkeun angklung, namely nitipkeun (left, save) angklung after use.
In the presentation of entertainment, Angklung usually held at a full moon and no rain. They play angklung in the game (in a rural courtyard) while singing variety of songs, such as "monkey Kasarung", "Yandu Aunt", "Yandu Sala", "Ceuk Arileu", "Oray-orayan", "Dengdang" , "Gandang Yari", "Kuhl Oyong-squash ',' body Kula", "Kokoloyoran", "Swing-swing", "Pileuleuyan", "Gandrung Manggu", "Rujak Gadung", "Mulung Muncang", "Giler" , "Ngaranggeong", "Aceukna", "Marengo", "Salak Sadapur", "Rangda Ngendong", "Celementre", "Keupat Reundang", "Papacangan" and "Culadi Dengdang".
The drummers angklung eight people and three drummers drum small size makes the standing position while walking in a circle formation. Meanwhile, the other one ngalage (dancing) with certain movements that have been standard but simple. Everything is done only by men. This is different from the Bedouin community, they are limited by the customary rules pamali (taboo, taboo), should not be doing things excessive worldly pleasures. Art solely for ritual purposes.
The names of angklung in Kanekes of the largest are: ovarian, ringkung, Dongdong, gossip, engklok, ovarian leutik, torolok, and Roel. Roel which consists of two pieces held by a angklung. The names of the longest drum are: drum, talingtit, and tap. The use of drum instruments there are differences, namely in the villages they wear drum Kaluaran three pieces. In Kajeroan, Cikeusik village, just use the drum and talingtit, without tap. In Kajeroan, Kampung Cibeo, just use the drum, without talingtit and tap.
In Kanekes entitled to make angklung was Kajeroan (Tangtu, Bedouin Jero). Kajeroan consists of three villages, namely Cibeo, Cikartawana, and Cikeusik. In all three villages is not everyone can make it, just the right to have offspring and are working on in addition to the terms of the ritual. Angklung makers in the famous Cikeusik Father Amir (59), and in Cikartawana Tarnah father. People buy from people Kaluaran Kajeroan in three village.
2. Angklung dogdog Lojor
Art dogdog lojor contained in the Kasepuhan Pancer Pangawinan or customary union Banten Kidul scattered around the Mist Mountain (adjacent to Sukabumi, Bogor and Lebak). Although the art is called dogdog lojor, the name of one of the instruments in it, but there are also used angklung because of its associations with rice rituals. Once a year, after harvest the whole community events, Serah Seren Taun Taun or traditional village center. Traditional village center as a place of residence kokolot (elders) where he is always moving as directed supernatural.
Tradition honors the rice is still held because they include people who still adhere to the old customs. By tradition they claim to be descendants of the officers and soldiers in the palace Pajajaran baresan pangawinan (soldier armed with a lance). Kasepuhan community has embraced Islam and somewhat open to the influence of modernization, as well as entertainment things worldly pleasures can be enjoyed. This attitude also affect the function of art in terms that been around since the 1970s, dogdog lojor have been developed, which is used to enliven the child circumcision, marriage and other festive events.
Instruments used in art dogdog lojor is dogdog lojor two and four great angklung. The four fruit angklung is memunyai name, the largest so-called bark, then panembal, Kingking, and inclok. Each instrument is played by one, so that all of six people. Lojor dogdog Songs include: "Bale Agung", "Side Hideung", "shaky-shaky Papanganten", "The stumps Kawung", "Adulilang" and "Adu-complaint". These songs form a rhythmic vocal dogdog and angklung tend to stay.
3. Angklung gubrag
Angklung gubrag located at Kampung Cipining, District Cigudeg, Bogor. Angklung has old age and used to honor the goddess of rice in imple pare activities (planting rice), ngunjal pare (transporting rice), and ngadiukeun (put) to leuit (barn). In myth angklung gubrag begins at a time Kampung Cipining had a bad season.
4. Angklung Badeng
Badeng is a type of art that emphasize the musical aspect with angklung as the main instrument. Badeng located in the village of Sanding, District Malangbong, Garut. Used to serve as entertainment for the sake of Islam. Badeng allegedly been used by people for a long time from the pre-Islamic events associated with rice planting ritual. As the art for reliable propagation Badeng developed since Islam spread in the area around the 16th century or the 17th. At that time the population Sanding, Arpaen, and Nursaen study of Islam to the kingdom of Demak. After returning from Demak they preach spread Islam. One of the tools he uses to spread Islam is the art Badeng.
Angklung is used as many as nine, two angklung Roel, an angklung kecer, four Angklung Angklung ovaries and father, two children angklung, two dogdog, two fruit fly or gembyung, and a manacle. Sundanese language text mixed with Arabic. In development now also used Indonesian language. The contents of the text contains Islamic values and good counsels, and according to the purposes of the show. In addition to performances presented songs, presented also has to pain, such as cutting the body with sharp weapons. Badeng Songs: "Lailahaileloh", "Ya'ti", "Kasreng", "Yautike", "Lilimbungan", and "Solaloh".
5. Bean
Beans is a performance art that is entertainment, of which there are at Baros (Arjasari, Bandung). At first the beans used at events associated with rice farming. But at the present time is used as an entertainment art beans. This is related to the changing views of society that began less heed to the things smelly old belief. In the 1940s can be seen as the end of the ritual function in respect of rice green beans, since it snaps turned into live entertainment. Correspondingly rice storage places too (leuit, barns) began to disappear from people's homes, places replaced with a more practical bag, and easy to carry everywhere. Rice also now many direct sale, not stored in the barn. Thus the art of beans that had been used for events ngunjal (carrying rice) is not needed anymore.
Name associated with a bean art song texts are famous among the people, the "cis nyengcle beans ...". The text contained in bean art, so art is called beans.
Instruments used in the arts of beans: two angklung ovary, two ambrug angklung, angklung panempas one, two pancer angklung, angklung enclok one, three dogdog (one talingtit, one panembal, and one badublag). In its development, then added with tarompet, manacle, and goong. Angklung beans barreled salendro with vocal tracks can be barreled madenda or gamelan. Beans Songs include: "Badud", "beans", "Renggong", "Senggot", "Jalantir", "Jangjalik", "Ela-ela", "Mega Beureum". Now the songs have used beans as well songs from the gamelan, a singer who was the man angklung players, now by a special lady to sing.
Of the several types of bamboo musical in West Java (angklung) above, are just a few examples of the performing arts angklung, namely: Angklung beans (Priangan / London), angklung badud (Eastern Priangan / Ciamis), angklung bungko (Indramayu), angklung gubrag (Bogor), angklung ciusul (Bantam), angklung dog dog lojor (Sukabumi), angklung Badeng (Malangbong, Garut), and angklung padaeng identical to the national angklung with diatonic scales, developed since 1938. Angklung is derived from typical Indonesian Sundanese angklung development. Sundanese angklung pitched five (salendro or slendro) by Daeng Sutigna aka The Etjle (1908-1984) changed his tone became Western scales (solmisasi) that can play a variety of other songs. Investment results and then taught to school students and played a large orchestra.
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